{"id":1009,"date":"2011-10-17T16:47:00","date_gmt":"2011-10-17T15:47:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mediosmejoresqueganenmas.org\/?p=1009"},"modified":"2014-05-01T15:07:47","modified_gmt":"2014-05-01T14:07:47","slug":"cuando-y-por-que-mueren-los-medios","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/recursos-multimedia\/cuando-y-por-que-mueren-los-medios","title":{"rendered":"When and WHY MASS MEDIA DIE"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='booster-block booster-read-block'>\n                <div class=\"twp-read-time\">\n                \t<i class=\"booster-icon twp-clock\"><\/i> <span>Read Time:<\/span>26 Minute, 0 Second                <\/div>\n\n            <\/div><p><em><strong>1st International Conference \u2018A favor de lo mejor\u2019<\/strong> [In favour of what is best, in media], National Auditorium, Mexico City, D.F.<br \/>\n<strong>Panel: The horizon ahead<\/strong> (for mass media), April, 21st, 1999, 5pm.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em> Transcription &#8211;corrected by author:<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\">\u00bfWHEN AND WHY MEDIA DIE&#8230;?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<address class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\">Along the centuries, many wars have been fought on paper;<\/span><\/address>\n<address class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\">let us now talk about those spontaneously fought by consumers&#8230;<\/span><\/address>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/SkAd8uf3NJc?rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>I have very little time to convey to you the results of 14 years of research \u201314 years during which I have studied what people want to see and hear in the media. Today I will present what I consider the most surprising conclusion arising from my work, something even I could not anticipate at the outset of my studies.<\/p>\n<p>I will limit myself to the discussion of this one discovery, because you, my audience, comprise 10,000 people \u2013all having different ideas, ages, professions, opinions, origins and religions. Plus, you have come in search of a message \u2013not a lot of data or names. Finally \u2013additionally, I trust this one issue, idea, concept, will suffice to convince you that we can change media, and thus change Mexico, for the better of us <em>all<\/em> \u2013media included.<\/p>\n<p>A long time ago \u2013and I\u2019m speaking now about the 15th century\u2013 a great social campaign was undertaken, similar to that which brings us together today. Naturally, society \u2013in the 15th century, was not concerned with television or radio contents, but rather with the great chivalric romances of the time, which were usually characterized by a certain degree of the fantastic and in which the hero strove to obtain fame for his deeds in order to merit the love of his beloved. The novels were about princes and princesses, heroes, dragons to be slain&#8230; The hero\u2019s primary objective was to prove himself worthy of his beloved and to honor her with his bravery and his victories against evil. Meanwhile, the lady also had to demonstrate that she was deserving of the hero\u2019s love and fidelity. Of course, there was always a happy ending.<\/p>\n<p>There were no explicit scenes of sex or violence, nor inappropriate language in keeping with today\u2019s standards; nevertheless, guess what? People complained about the abuse, precisely, of sex, violence and inappropriate language! To clarify: Society complained about the negative effects of these works on children and young people&#8230; To help you calibrate the powerful impact of these chivalric romances on the <em>adults<\/em> of the time, you have only to take note that the Calafia Valley in California and the Amazon River in Brazil were so named by the European conquerors, because these names were included in the very works we are discussing. The brave people who came to America believed they were going to find in our lands those fantastic and mythical places which they had heard about in novels. Documents of the time demonstrate that those who financed the conquests expected to find the true land of the Amazons, the Land of Gold (\u201cEl Dorado\u201d), or the fountain of youth. The impact of these novels \u2013we can see, is undeniable, \u2026with respect to the adults of the time as well as the young people.<\/p>\n<p>Returning to the campaign against the chivalric romances, guess which social agents participated in it? Naturally, and as you already imagine, they were the very same ones who participate in similar campaigns today: Parents, civil authorities, religious figures, and \u2013of course, the academic world. Were they right or wrong? I hope that at the end of this conference, you will be able to answer this question by yourselves.<\/p>\n<p>These novels died out with the passage of time. They died because their producers and distributors refused to listen to the demands of their society \u2013their readers, their consumers&#8230; When people felt ignored, rejected, perhaps even attacked; when they no longer recognized their personal and colective aspirations reflected in those stories, they stopped reading them \u2013they closed their doors against them. Little by little, fewer and fewer of these novels were published, because fewer and fewer were being read \u2013&#8230;consumed.<\/p>\n<p>Time passed and the world moved on. Were there other episodes similar to that of these chivalric romances? Indeed there were! \u2013many times.<\/p>\n<p>Let us turn now to 20th century Mexico. Here, during the 1940&#8217;s and the 1950&#8217;s, we experienced \u201cthe Golden age of Mexican Film\u201d. The movies made during that time were so successful \u2013they achieved such strong and admirable levels of complicity and communication with the public, that even today, and with regularity, they comprise 40% of the most-watched films on Mexican television. In spite of this, their creators wanted to produce a \u201cbetter\u201d product (do not underestimate the importance of those quotation marks), they wanted to make things of a more \u201celite\u201d nature \u2013of greater prestige. They wanted to earn the respect of \u201cserious\u201d artists, and so they stopped producing such films. In spite of their efforts, they were unable to do without their public, and thus killed the \u201cmedium\u201d, because the Mexican film industry has not recovered ever since (we need only study the ticket sales of the last 35 years to see how US films have gained a tremendous foothold in our market, while at the same time, the \u201cold\u201d Mexican films continue to be the most successful).<\/p>\n<p>Ten years later, in the 1950\u2019s, what popular work was most successful in Mexico? \u2013the serialized melodramatic comic (or graphic) novel. Some of you will perhaps remember hearing of <em>Pep\u00edn, Paqu\u00edn, Chamaco chico, Chamaco grande<\/em> (and a little later: <em>L\u00e1grimas, risas y amor<\/em>). These stories \u2013currently forgotten, published at the time of their greatest success, a new episode every day, and two on Sundays. Imagine the impact they had on our country&#8230; The editors themselves demonstrated to the Mexican Ministry of Public Education that many people learnt to read not only through them, but also because of them (in order to be able to read them).<\/p>\n<p>Now, guess what happened to them, how they met their death, to such a degree as to have almost been erased from our memories. You guessed it! They underwent the same process as had the films of \u201cthe Mexican Cinema Golden Age\u201d\u00a0 and the novels of the 15th century. When the Mexican serialized melodramatic comic novel (or graphic novel) was born, and during the first campaign registered by specialists, society asked for contents less hostile towards their values, ideas and beliefs. At the time of greatest glory, there arose a second campaign. With the third of these campaigns came the end of \u201cthe Golden Era\u201d of the Mexican serialized melodramatic comic (or graphic) novel: Birth, development and death. Society \u2013tired of demanding changes that never came, simply stopped buying the newer works. Now ask the producers and distributors of that particular market, whether it ever again experienced a comparable success. Never. Never again did the Mexican periodicals industry reach the levels of sales and market penetration that it experienced at the height of these magazines&#8217; popularity, at a time when the Mexican population was scarcer, and much harder to reach.<\/p>\n<p>If you would like to learn more about those magazines and their audience&#8217;s campaigns for change; about how interested parties played with the public thinking they could fool and manipulate people; if you wish to understand our country\u2019s \u201cpublic\u201d (audience) better, I recommend that you read <em>Bad language, naked ladies and other threats to the nation: A political history of comic books in Mexico<\/em>, by historian and Cultural Studies specialist Anne Rubenstein, published in 1998 by Duke University Press (Durham and London). I may not agree with everything she concludes, but I certainly treasure the sizeable objective data she gatheredd.<\/p>\n<p>I will not continue adding anecdotes to the ones we have already shared, so that this presentation does not exceed the allotted time. However, I would like to make one final comment regarding a film you have surely seen: <em>Cinema Paradiso<\/em>. Do you remember the story of a small-town movie theater which was born as a parochial theater in which the inhabitants of the whole town met and enjoyed together, and which eventually became an X-rated theater, frequented only by a small and anonymous public?<\/p>\n<p>Do you recall how that started? With a kiss; it started with just one kiss! &#8230;Who would object to a little kiss? The whole town became stirred up when that first kiss appeared on screen at the theater \u2013the religious minister no longer had anything to do with the cinema, of course! How could the village not have noticed something which had been systematically cut out from films since they could remember, and which many adults desired to see? However, the day that theater was no longer appropriate for underage audiences \u2013according to the place, time and culture it was immersed in, the adult audience went into decline, too. When a kiss no longer caused such commotion \u2013when it no longer attracted its viewers&#8217; attention and brought them into the theather, it became necessary to show increasingly explicit scenes, until the personal limits of most viewers were surpassed \u2013until each viewers&#8217; personal barriers were trespassed. Once this happened, the theater lost many spectators and the \u201cmedium\u201d died.<\/p>\n<p>It is true that when we surpass certain limits, we may please a particular sector of society \u2013a minoritarian one, compared to the mainstream one we were originally producing for. This means that we inevitably lose contact with the greater part of our viewers\u00a0 when we trepass those limits that are acceptable to most of them. Although this &#8220;showing-of-previously-limited material&#8221; may momentarily capture our audience&#8217;s attention (it may amaze them simply because of the transgression it entails, and because of how different it is to what most of us spontaneusly expect to find in such a work), it has proven to behave as a poor sales strategy on the long run.<\/p>\n<p>And we want to live off and profit from \u201cmedia\u201d, not just one day, but for our entire lives&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>In order to live off the \u201cmedia\u201d, we must live in contact \u2013we must connect with, the majority of our \u201ctarget\u201d public (audience). We need to understand it, respect it, feel part of it, and listen to the people. The public is not an inert or passive entity which will tolerate all abuse and every attack. It is the public, indeed, that has the power in its pocket.<\/p>\n<p>[Applause]<\/p>\n<p>The question you are surely asking yourselves now is: \u201cWhy do mass &#8216;media&#8217; sales behave this way, and why does the \u2018medium\u2019 die when it is no longer acceptable to the majority?\u201d. There must be a reason\u2026<\/p>\n<p>And there is:<\/p>\n<p>All social groups have Literature, even those that have no alphabet. This is true because Literature is necessary for the survival of society. Its appeal, in fact, is closely linked to its social function. Mass media nowadays fulfill this function, helping to reflect and keep alive the world view and the group values of all-or-most of their society\u2019s members.<\/p>\n<p>Literature&#8217;s goal, in fact, is to justify it emotionally and rationally &#8220;in action&#8221;, by way of narrations (story-telling). In other words: To show how worthy and useful these values, ideas and beliefs are, through the positive consequences they produce in the characters who live according to them.<\/p>\n<p>That is why popular literature \u2013mass media\u2013 enjoys commercial possibilities not available to other types of literature. That is also why, when we work in \u201cmedia\u201d but lose touch with society, we fail economically. If we do not fulfill our function and give voice to the values and world view of our society \u2013our target market, we will dig our own grave: We will stop being useful to society.<\/p>\n<p>A society\u2019s world view comprises a series of strategies which, over centuries, have demonstrated their usefulness by facilitating the survival of that society in its territory, in its particular context. If we do not collaborate in the orderly survival of the social group, other \u201cmedia\u201d or another person will take our place, and will take that which we neither valued adequately, nor deserved.<\/p>\n<p>[Applause]<\/p>\n<p>In light of this definition of Literature \u2013and of \u201cmedia\u201d, we can understand why the social agents organizing these campaigns \u2013like that which gathers us today: In favour of what is best in media (A favor de lo mejor en los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n), are always the same: Parents, schools and universities (Academia), religious and civil authorities. They represent the other social institutions which share \u2013alongside with Literature- the obligation to transmit to the newer generations (and to those previous ones who lacked other access to it), the world view \u2013the values, ideas and beliefs, that has proven useful to society.<\/p>\n<p>They have an obligation to make their voices heard just as we are doing here today in this National Auditorium, to take exception when the free social institution that is Literature, instead of supporting the constructive coexistence and survival of society, refuses to fulfill that responsibility.<\/p>\n<p>This also explains why the subjects of these campaigns are always the same, and why sex and violence always comprise their primary concern: Sociologically \u2013that is, from the standpoint of the survival of the social group, when we do not pay attention to the arrival and education of the new members of society in the best possible context within our culture, when we do not work towards orderly and nonviolent coexistence within the community, we dig our own grave; we condemn ourselves to our own destruction.<\/p>\n<p>[Applause]<\/p>\n<p>This is the idea, the message, the concept I promised you at the beginning of this presentation: For Mexico to survive, we must live in an orderly manner. For Mexico to survive, it must remain embedded in its own world view and traditions, which, as I indicated earlier, comprise the strategies that have made its survival possible for centuries at a place and under circumstances where many different governments have not been able to survive.<\/p>\n<p>For Mexico to live, it needs \u201cmedia\u201d \u2013let us not forget that when one \u201cmedium\u201d dies, another one takes its place\u2013; <em><strong>but the \u201cmedia\u201d, without Mexico, cannot survive at all<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[Applause]<\/p>\n<p>Thank you.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">___ ___<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">We thank the following persons for material, information, support and guidance:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">Enrica Schettini Piazza, Academia dei Lincei (Italy), and V.V. (r.i.p.), Centro di Ricerca Pio Manz\u00f9 (ONU-Italy),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\"> Mar\u00eda Cruz Garc\u00eda de Enterr\u00eda, Univ. de Alcal\u00e1 de Henares (Spain),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\"> Francisco Guerra (r.i.p.), Academia de Doctores (Spain),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8 <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">Aurelio Gonz\u00e1lez P\u00e9rez , El Colegio de M\u00e9xico and UNAM (Mexico), <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8 <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">Concepci\u00f3n Company, UNAM and El Colegio de M\u00e9xico (Mexico),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\"> Mar\u00eda Dolores Bravo Arriaga, UNAM and Univ. Aut\u00f3noma de Puebla (Mexico),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\"><span>\u25b8 <\/span>Eugenia Revueltas Acevedo , y Abelardo Villegas (r.i.p.), UNAM and El Colegio de Michoac\u00e1n (interview, November, 7th, 1998) (Mexico),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8 Manuel Ignacio P\u00e9rez Alonso (r.i.p.), Univ. Iberoamericana-Mexico City campus, and Archivo Hist\u00f3rico de la Provincia de M\u00e9xico-SJ (M\u00e9xico),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\"> Joel Federman, Univ.of California-Santa Barbara (United States),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">Yolanda Vargas Dulch\u00e9 (r.i.p.), <em>L\u00e1grimas, Risas y Amor<\/em> (interview, November, 4th, 1998) (M\u00e9xico), <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8 <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">INRA, IBOPE y NIELSEN (TV and radio audience measuring and research companies) (M\u00e9xico),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\"><span> Different advertising agencies<\/span> (periodicals&#8217; market information: consumption circulation and size of editions, etc.) (M\u00e9xico), <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">C\u00e1mara Nacional de Comercio [National Chamber of Commerce] (Mexico),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8 <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\"><em>Humanidades<\/em> [academic newspaper, while directed by Dr. Jaime Litvak King, r.i.p.], UNAM (Mexico),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8 <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">Gloria L\u00f3pez de Cruz, SOGEM [Mexican Writers&#8217; Guild] (Mexico),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'MS Mincho';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\"> Mar\u00eda Elena P\u00e9rez, SEP [Mexican Ministry of Education] (Mexico),<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';\" lang=\"ES-MX\">\u25b8 Ana Lilia Villareal, ILCE [Latin American Educational Communications Institute] (Mexico).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\">___ ___<\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><strong>PAPER FIRST PUBLISHED BY<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\">(BIBLIOGRAPHIC\/HEMEROGRAPHIC\/VIDEOGR\u00c1PHIC SOURCE&#8217;S DATA):<\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\">Blanca de Lizaur; \u201c\u00bfCu\u00e1ndo, y por qu\u00e9, mueren los \u2018medios\u2019?\u201d, in <em>1er Congreso Internacional \u201cEn los \u2018medios\u2019, a favor de lo mejor\u201d<\/em>, co-sponsored by over 2000 instituciones, in order to study the effects of media on society, and in order to request better contents. Published both in v\u00eddeo and book formats (<em>Memorias; i.e.: Proceedings<\/em>), by the organizing association: Asociaci\u00f3n A favor de lo mejor en los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n, 1999.<\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\">Currently available at (repository): http:\/\/www.bettermedia.org<\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\">___ ___<\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><strong>NOTES:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\">The then president of Mexico: Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Le\u00f3n, inaugurated the conference in which this paper was delivered. The event took place at the <em>Auditorio Nacional<\/em> [National Auditorium], Mexico City, D.F. (a forum with seats for 10,000 personas), on April 21st and 22nd, 1999.<\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><strong>Work cited by:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\">Ra\u00fal Trejo Delarbre in \u201c\u2018Medios\u2019&#8230;: \u00bfY qu\u00e9 es \u2018lo mejor\u2019?\u201d, en <em>Cr\u00f3nica<\/em>, April, 21st, 1999.<\/p>\n<p class=\"a\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\">Niceto Bl\u00e1zquez Fern\u00e1ndez in <em>Foro \u00e9tico mundial y medios de comunicaci\u00f3n<\/em>, Ed. Visi\u00f3n Libros, 2006; page 20.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/bC0SBYAlrrY?hl=en&amp;fs=1\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"425\" height=\"349\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Many say that the Digital Revolution &#8211;the birth of the internet, mobile (cell) phones, etc.&#8211; killed traditional electronic media (radio, tv and cinema), as well as paper media.<br \/>\n     Nevertheless, when we analyse media sales-and-consumption statistics around the world &#8211;and particularly in the Western world, we realize that they started to lose credibility, reach and financial viability, long before the Digital Age.<br \/>\n     This talk makes a quick review of seemingly indestructible mainstream media along centuries and decades of our history &#8211;many of whom we are still familiar with, and how and why they met their end.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":983,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,153,692,344],"tags":[177,182,173,169,197,157,255,50,65,191,167,159,160,19,163,130,178,29,203,175,168,162,128,80,256,172,193,165,189,198,188,185,60,158,166,53,183,170,179,195,27,81,190,164,95,161,192,204,196,194,176,199,200,201,202,187],"class_list":["post-1009","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recursos-multimedia","category-utiless-para-todos","category-utiles-para","category-videos","tag-a-favor-de-lo-mejor","tag-abelardo-villegas","tag-academia-de-doctores-espana","tag-academia-dei-lincei-italia","tag-ana-lilia-villareal","tag-anne-g-rubenstein","tag-aurelio-gonzalez-perez","tag-autoregulacion-simbiotica-de-la-convivencia","tag-caida-de-ventas","tag-camara-nacional-de-comercio-mexico","tag-campanas-de-la-sociedad-civil-sobre-los-medios-de-comunicacion","tag-chamaco-chico","tag-chamaco-grande","tag-cine","tag-cinema-paradiso","tag-como-salvar-a-los-medios","tag-concepcion-company","tag-consumo-de-medios","tag-duke-university-press","tag-el-colegio-de-mexico","tag-enrica-schettini-piazza","tag-epoca-dorada-del-cine-mexicano","tag-anthropological-studies-on-art-fiction-and-media","tag-estudios-culturales","tag-eugenia-revueltas-acevedo","tag-francisco-guerra","tag-gloria-lopez-de-cruz","tag-historieta-mexicana-siglo-xx","tag-ibope","tag-ilce","tag-inra","tag-joel-federman","tag-la-lectura-en-mexico","tag-lagrimas-risas-y-amor","tag-literatura","tag-los-medios-y-la-literatura-popular","tag-manuel-ignacio-perez-alonso","tag-maria-cruz-garcia-de-enterria","tag-maria-dolores-bravo-arriaga","tag-maria-elena-perez","tag-mediacion-cultural","tag-medios-y-temas-sociales","tag-nielsen","tag-novela-de-caballeria","tag-oposicion-de-los-medios-a-los-valores-ideas-y-creencias-mayoritarios","tag-pepin","tag-periodico-humanidades-de-la-unam-bajo-la-direccion-del-dr-jaime-litvak-king","tag-raul-trejo-delarbre","tag-sep-mexico","tag-sogem-mexico","tag-unam","tag-universidad-autonoma-de-puebla-mexico","tag-universidad-de-alcala-de-henares-espana","tag-universidad-iberoamericana-campus-cd-de-mexico","tag-university-of-california-santa-barbara","tag-yolanda-vargas-dulche"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1009","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1009"}],"version-history":[{"count":80,"href":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1009\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2735,"href":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1009\/revisions\/2735"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/983"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1009"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1009"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediosmejoresqueganenmas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1009"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}